Café, sucre, aspartame et dépression

Sweetened-Beverages, Coffee, and Tea in Relation to Depression among Older US Adults

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate consumptions of sweetened-beverages, coffee and tea in relation to depression among older US adults.
BACKGROUND: Sweetened-beverages, coffee and tea are commonly consumed worldwide and have important physical and mental health consequences.
DESIGN/METHODS: We prospectively evaluated consumptions of these beverages, in relation to depression among 263,925 older US adults. Beverage consumptions were assessed in 1995-1996, and 11,311 depression diagnoses since 2000 were self-reported in 2004-2006. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from multivariate logistic regressions.
RESULTS: Drinking sweetened-beverages was associated with higher depression risk, whereas coffee drinking was weakly related to lower risk. The OR and 95%CI comparing 4 cans/cups per day with none were 1.30 (1.17–1.44) for soft drinks, 1.38 (1.15-1.65) for fruit punches, and 0.91 (0.84-0.98) for coffee (all P for trend < 0.0001). Further analysis seemed to suggest stronger associations with diet drinks than with regular. The ORs between extreme categories were 1.31 (1.16-1.47) for diet versus 1.22 (1.03-1.45) for regular soft drinks, 1.51 (1.18-1.92) for diet versus 1.08 (0.79-1.46) for regular fruit punches, and 1.25 (1.10-1.41) for diet versus 0.94 (0.83-1.08) for regular iced tea. Consistently, constituent-based analyses showed higher depression risk with aspartame intake [ORs between extreme quintiles: 1.36 (1.29-1.44)], and lower risk with caffeine intake [corresponding OR 0.83 (0.78-0.89)].
CONCLUSIONS: This large prospective study suggests that frequent consumption of diet sweetened-beverages may increase depression risk among older adults, whereas coffee consumption may lower the risk.

Odds ratios^a and 95% confidence intervals of depression according to types of sweetener added to coffee or tea in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, 1995–2006.

Full text:
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0094715

En résumé: Mieux vaut prendre son café seul que mal accompagné.